A general term for the category of mechanical parts used to securely join two or more components (or structural elements) into a single assembly.
Fasteners are a widely used class of mechanical components designed for secure fastening. They serve a vast array of industries-including energy, electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, chemicals, metallurgy, mold making, and hydraulics-and are found in everything from machinery, equipment, vehicles, ships, railways, bridges, and buildings to structures, tools, instruments, and various supplies. As the most widely applied basic mechanical components, they are characterized by a huge variety of types and specifications, diverse performance capabilities and applications, and a high degree of standardization, serialization, and interchangeability. Consequently, fasteners that comply with established national standards are often referred to as "standard fasteners" or simply "standard parts."